Total energy supply (TES) includes all the energy produced in or imported to a country, minus that which is exported or stored. It represents all the energy required to supply end users in the country. Some of these energy sources are used directly while most are transformed into fuels or electricit Contact online >>
Total energy supply (TES) includes all the energy produced in or imported to a country, minus that which is exported or stored. It represents all the energy required to supply end users in the country. Some of these energy sources are used directly while most are transformed into fuels or electricity for final consumption.
Energy production includes any fossil fuels drilled and mined, which can be burned to produce electricity or used as fuels, as well as energy produced by nuclear fission and renewable power sources such as hydro, wind and solar PV. Bioenergy - which here includes both modern and traditional sources, including the burning of municipal waste - is also an important domestic energy source in many countries.
Imports, particularly of fossil fuels like oil, natural gas and coal, make up an important part of the energy supply in many countries. Countries that rely heavily on imported energy may be vulnerable to supply disruption from external events such as the Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine. In countries that export large amounts of energy, falling energy prices can also cause major economic shocks.
Energy sources, particularly fossil fuels, are often transformed into more useful or practical forms before being used. For example, crude oil is refined into many different kinds of fuels and products, while coal, oil and natural gas can be burned to generate electricity and heat. Other forms of transformation, such as extracting gas or oil from coal, play a relatively minor role in the energy systems of most countries.
One of the most important types of transformation for the energy system is the refining of crude oil into oil products, such as the fuels that power automobiles, ships and planes.
Another important form of transformation is the generation of electricity. Thermal power plants generate electricity by harnessing the heat of burning fuels or nuclear reactions – during which up to half of their energy content is lost. Renewable power sources generate electricity directly from natural forces such as the sun, wind, or the movement of water.
Total final consumption (TFC) is the energy consumed by end users such as individuals and businesses to heat and cool buildings, to run lights, devices, and appliances, and to power vehicles, machines and factories. It also includes non-energy uses of energy products, such as fossil fuels used to make chemicals.
Some of the energy found in primary sources is lost when converting them to useable final products, especially electricity. As a result, the breakdown of final consumption can look very different from that of the primary energy supply (TES). Both are needed to fully understand the energy system.
The sectoral breakdown of a country''s energy demand, which is based on its economy, geography and history, can greatly impact its energy needs and which energy sources it relies on to meet those needs – such as fueling automobiles, heating or cooling homes or running factories.
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The energy market is expected to continue growing, with increasing demand for energy worldwide as populations grow and economies develop. However, the mix of energy sources is expected to shift towards cleaner and more sustainable options, with renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydropower projected to continue growing rapidly. Fossil fuels are expected to gradually decline in importance, although they are likely to remain significant contributors to the global energy mix for several decades, especially in countries that rely almost totally on fossils.
Market sizes are determined through a bottom-up approach, building on specific predefined factors for each market segment. As a basis for evaluating markets, we use resources from the Statista platform as well as annual reports of the market-leading companies and industry associations, third-party studies and reports, national statistical offices, international institutions, and the experience of our analysts.
In our forecasts, we apply diverse forecasting techniques. The selection of forecasting techniques is based on the behavior of the relevant market. For example, the S-curve function and exponential trend smoothing are well suited for forecasting electricity generation due to the non-linear growth of this market, especially because of the direct impact of climate change on the market.
The Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) held its annual report meeting for 2022, which was conducted online and attended by license holders and state-owned organizations. The purpose of the meeting was to present the budget performance and outcomes of the Energy sector in accordance with the Energy Law. A total of 170 representatives from license holder companies participated in the meeting.
In 2022, Mongolia's total electricity consumption reached 10.3 billion kWh, which increased 5.8% or 564.3 million kWh compared to 2021. Domestic production accounted for 79.1% or 8.18 billion kWh of the total consumption, while imports contributed 20.9% or 2.16 billion kWh. Renewable energy generation reached 748.9 million kWh, which is 9.2% of the domestic production. Thermal energy production also increased by 1.28 million Gcal or 8.5% to 16.3 million Gcal compared to the previous year.
The peak load /winter/ of the central region integrated power grid reached 1474 MW. However, the combined heat and power plants operated at full capacity without backup equipment, highlighting concerns about energy supply and sufficiency. These issues have become a challenge in recent years, as they are crucial for the country's security and sustainable development.
Furthermore, the period until the construction and operation of a new generation, and in the coming years, there is a need and requirement to compensate for the shortage of sources and to intensify the saving activities and to achieve results. To tackle these challenges and discuss problems, opportunities, and potential solutions, the Energy Regulatory Commission organized an industry-wide conference titled "Energy Sufficiency and Saving" in 2022.
About Mongolia electricity market
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