Infographics and visual guides that explain lithium-ion battery construction and thermal runaway; The types of abuse that can compromise the performance and safety of lithium-ion batteries; Factors that contribute to hazard development and the four hazard scenarios: flammable gas release, flaming, v Contact online >>
Infographics and visual guides that explain lithium-ion battery construction and thermal runaway; The types of abuse that can compromise the performance and safety of lithium-ion batteries; Factors that contribute to hazard development and the four hazard scenarios: flammable gas release, flaming, vented deflagrations, and explosions
Packaging: Batteries must be properly packaged and protected to prevent damage. Declaration: Passengers may need to declare spare batteries during check-in or screening. Terminal Protection: Terminal protection may be required for lithium batteries. Prefer Carry-On: It''s safer to carry batteries in carry-on luggage.
Workplace injuries from lithium battery defects or damage are preventable and the following guidelines will assist in incorporating lithium battery safety into an employer''s . Safety and Health Program: • Ensure lithium batteries, chargers, and associated equipment are tested in accordance with an
The new The "Take C.H.A.R.G.E. of Battery Safety" campaign, led by the Fire Safety Research Institute (FSRI), is spreading awareness with more fires caused by lithium ion batteries.
Lithium-ion battery fires happen for a variety of reasons, such as physical damage (e.g., the battery is penetrated or crushed or exposed to water), electrical damage (e.g., overcharging or using charging equipment not designed for the battery), exposure to extreme temperatures, and product defects.
With the great demand for lithium batteries comes great responsibility to install and use them safely. Although much of that responsibility lies with manufacturers, Dr Kai-Philipp Kairies of ACCURE Battery Intelligence discusses how a combination of data gathered from the field and analytics embedded in software can make batteries safer to operate while maximising value.
This is an extract of an article which appears in Vol.32 of PV Tech Power, Solar Media''s quarterly technical journal for the downstream solar industry. Every edition includes ''Storage & Smart Power,'' a dedicated section contributed by the team at Energy-Storage.news.
The energy and mobility world are accelerating on the path to decarbonisation. One of the most important assets for this transition are energy storage systems, particularly lithium-ion batteries (LIB).
To put the incredible success of this young technology into perspective, the annual production capacity of the recently announced Volkswagen SalzGiga factory (40GWh) in Salzgitter, Germany, will be larger than the world''s total LIB demand in 2013. Just let that sink in for a moment.
There are many reasons for the dominance of LIB in the energy and mobility world. One major advantage over other battery technologies is the flexibility. LIB cell types have been successfully used in electric cars, ships, buses and large-scale storage systems, allowing for synergies and scaling effects. But certainly, the strongest drivers of LIB were the stark increases in energy density and the (until recently) continuously falling prices.
The focus on ever-increasing battery energy densities and cost reductions, combined with a dizzyingly fast ramp-up of global production capacities has brought LIB into countless applications. As more industry players enter the market and deploy at a rapid pace, safety incidents also increase. Battery fires and explosions have become a regular sight in the news and on social media.
Three events that caught worldwide attention:• In 2019, a cell failure in a battery system at an APS facility in McMicken, Arizona, led to a thermal runaway and ultimately caused an explosion that injured several first responders.• Between April 2021 and May 2022, over 80 electric buses and 4 bus depots burned down across France, Germany, and the UK.• Since 2020 thousands of electric scooters have caught fire around the world – some in private homes, some in warehouses.
While everyone in the industry agrees that battery safety should be the top priority, the reality is that the expectations and pressures relating to growth create conflicting priorities, in addition to the pressures to commercialise new, innovative technologies. Higher energy densities, for example, inevitably mean more energy that can fuel the fire during a failure.
A proven strategy to improve battery safety is the use of cloud-based analytics. By detecting critical faults at an early stage using more sophisticated and modern analytical methods, battery operators can act before any damage is done.
Step 1: Data acquisitionThe starting point for all cloud analytics is the continuous stream of measurements from the BMS ("raw data"). This raw data is passed to the communication bus and then pushed to the cloud where it can bestored, consolidated, and analysed by the battery operator or a third-party service provider.
Step 4: ReportingIf a battery is identified as dangerous by the cloud analytics, automated warning notifications are generated to allow the operator to act – by bringing the system into a safe state and arranging for maintenance or replacement.
There are many ways field data can reveal safety-critical battery behavior. In fact, there are at least 20 safety indicators a robust cloud analytics solution should track multiple times per day.
They are based on electrical, thermal and mechanistic models empowered by machine learning. The algorithms mirror electrochemical relationships and processes, revealing insights about the internal states of the battery.
Lithium plating, where metallic lithium gathers on the outside of the anode, has been a major headache in the LIB world for decades. It mainly occurs when a battery is charged with high current rates at low temperatures but can also happen under "normal" operating conditions. Not only does it quickly degrade a battery''s capacity, but it can also become a safety threat by forming metallic dendrites andtriggering side reactions such as gassing.
It manifests itself in a decrease of the lithium inventory which is no longer available for the main reaction.Cloud-based safety algorithms, among other things, must closely track the loss of active lithium to accurately predict safety critical events.
This is an extract of an article which appears in Vol.32 of PV Tech Power, Solar Media''s quarterly technical journal for the downstream solar industry. Every edition includes ''Storage & Smart Power,'' a dedicated section contributed by the team at Energy-Storage.news. Subscribe to the journal and read the newest (Q3 2022) edition and all previous issues here.
Dr. Kai-Philipp Kairies is a scientist and entrepreneur focusing on innovative battery energy storage solutions. He worked as a battery researcher and consultant in Germany, Singapore, and California.Since 2020, he is CEO of ACCURE Battery Intelligence, a battery analytics solution provider that supports companies in understanding and improving their batteries'' safety and longevity to reduce risk and increase value and sustainability.
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