Iran, a nation bathed in sunlight for most of the year, has tremendous potential for harnessing solar energy. With vast deserts and an average of 300 sunny days, the country is poised for a significant shift towards renewable energy. This article explores the current state, future prospects, and challenges surrounding solar panel systems in Iran. Solar Panels System for Home and Industry in Iran.
Iran has 450 MW of solar power, which is less than 1% of its installed capacity, as of 2021. This is low compared to the global average and the country’s electricity demand. However, Iran has a lot of potential for solar energy because of its location near the equator and the fact that 90% of the country receives enough sunlight to generate solar power for 300 days a year.
Iran’s government is encouraging the adoption of solar energy through competitive tenders. In April 2022, the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Organization (SATBA) of Iran qualified 85 companies for a 4 GW solar PV tender. As of June 2022, solar energy accounted for 502.1 MW of Iran’s total operational renewable energy capacity of 956.20 MW. By the end of 2022, Iran had installed and commissioned around 83 MW of PV systems, reaching a cumulative installed capacity of about 539 MW.
Iran’s provinces of Yazd, Fars, and Kerman produce the most solar energy, with approximately 68 MW, 58 MW, and 47 MW, respectively. Kerman province is considered the center of the country’s solar energy because it receives sunlight for more than 300 days a year.
Iran also has a Cabinet directive that requires all state-run offices to generate 20% of their power from renewable energies, especially solar photovoltaic panels, as of June 2022. The Ministry of Energy has also committed to purchasing electricity produced by families for 20 years.
The Iranian government recognizes the importance of solar energy and has set ambitious goals to increase its adoption. The aim is to install 10,000 megawatts (MW) of renewable energy, including solar, within the next few years. This ambitious plan reflects a commitment to diversifying the energy mix and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.
Despite the abundant sunshine, Iran’s current solar energy production remains relatively low. In 2020, solar provided only around 900 MW of electricity, with contributions from both large-scale solar power plants and rooftop installations on homes and businesses. However, the industry is experiencing steady growth. In 2022 alone, over 80 MW of new solar capacity was added, bringing the total installed capacity to roughly 540 MW.
Reduced Reliance on Fossil Fuels: Solar energy is a clean and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. By generating its own electricity through solar, Iran can decrease dependence on imported oil and gas.
Environmental Protection: Solar power plants do not produce harmful emissions, unlike traditional power plants that rely on burning fossil fuels. This contributes to cleaner air and a healthier environment.
Job Creation: The growing solar industry creates new jobs in manufacturing, installation, and maintenance of solar panels. This can boost the economy and provide valuable skills development opportunities.
Reduced Energy Costs: In the long run, solar power can offer a cost-effective way to generate electricity, especially for homes and businesses that install rooftop systems. This can lead to lower electricity bills for consumers.
High Initial Investment: The upfront cost of installing solar panels can be high, particularly for large-scale power plants. This can be a barrier for some potential investors.
Public Awareness: Raising public awareness about the benefits of solar power and encouraging investment in residential and commercial rooftop systems is essential.
As of September 2022, Iran’s household sector had a total rooftop solar capacity of 90 MW. In October 2023, the Tehran Times reported that 30,000 solar panel systems were being provided to households, with the number expected to double by the end of the Iranian year (March 19, 2024). The government pays 90% of the cost of each system.
Iran has a large desert area, which gives it a high potential for installing solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. In 2022, Iran installed about 83 MW of PV systems, reaching a cumulative capacity of around 539 MW by the end of the year. However, as of May 2024, solar and wind only account for 0.6% of Iran’s total electricity generation, while fossil fuels account for 94%.
Large-scale solar power plants: These generate electricity for entire communities and cost millions of dollars. For reference, a 10 MW plant might cost around $16 million [1].
Home rooftop systems: These are smaller and cater to individual households. Their price can range from a few thousand dollars to tens of thousands, depending on the desired capacity. You can find systems on Alibaba listed between $5,088 and $33,625 [2].
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